Most common MVE mistakes and how to avoid them

Why MVE mistakes are so costly

The MVE is not a minor formality. It is the basis for calculating import duties, customs processing fees, VAT and customs duties. An MVE error means all taxes were calculated on an incorrect base, which can generate fines, surcharges and even a PAMA (Administrative Procedure in Customs Matters).

Mistake 1: Omitting additions

The most frequent mistake is failing to declare additions that must be added to the transaction value. Royalties, technical assistance, materials provided to the manufacturer and special containers are concepts many importers omit due to lack of knowledge. The SAT has access to banking information and can detect undeclared foreign payments.

Mistake 2: Confusing MVE with COVE

Some importers believe the COVE prepared by their customs broker replaces the MVE. They are different documents with distinct purposes. The COVE supports the invoice value; the MVE declares the customs value with additions and deductions. Both are mandatory.

Mistake 3: Not declaring related-party relationships

When the importer and supplier are companies in the same group, a relationship exists that must be declared. Failing to do so is a serious omission. The relationship does not prevent using transaction value, but it does require documenting that the price is not influenced by the relationship.

Mistake 4: Using the wrong exchange rate

The exchange rate for converting the invoicing currency to national currency must be the one published by Banco de Mexico on the crossing date. Using a different rate creates discrepancies the authority can easily detect.

Mistake 5: Incorrect deductions

Not all expenses can be subtracted from customs value. Only those expressly listed in Art. 66 LA are deductible. Many importers try to deduct costs that do not qualify, such as marketing or internal distribution expenses.

Mistake 6: Not maintaining supporting documentation

The MVE is a declaration under oath. You must be able to prove every figure with documentation: contracts, invoices, payment receipts and certificates. Without supporting documentation, a SAT audit may consider values were declared arbitrarily.

Mistake 7: Using the wrong valuation method

The six GATT valuation methods must be applied in successive order. You cannot skip directly to Method 6 because it is convenient. If a transaction value exists (Method 1), you must use it.

Mistake 8: Not updating the MVE when conditions change

If a retroactive discount is applied after clearance, the price changes or sale conditions are adjusted, the original MVE must be rectified.

Mistake 9: Signing the MVE without reviewing it

Responsibility falls on the importer, not the customs broker. If your broker prepared the MVE with errors and you signed without reviewing, the legal responsibility is yours. Always review before signing.

Mistake 10: Not having a valid e.firma

Without a valid e.firma you cannot sign the MVE, and without MVE your goods cannot be cleared. Check your e.firma validity in advance and renew before expiration.